County of Tripoli

The County of Tripoli was one of the Crusader states, founded in 1102 CE in the Levant, encompassing modern-day northern Lebanon and parts of northwestern Syria. Its capital was Tripoli. Established by Frankish Crusaders, primarily southern French forces, it became a vassal of King Baldwin I of Jerusalem with Bertrand of Toulouse as its first count in 1109. The county's rule was determined by military force, favor, and negotiation rather than strict inheritance. It was the last of the Crusader states, falling to the Muslim Mamluks of Cairo under Sultan Qalawun on April 26, 1289, and subsequently absorbed into the Mamluk Sultanate.