Former Zhao

The Han-Zhao, also known as Former Zhao, was a dynastic state in China that existed from 304 to 329 AD during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. It was ruled by the Liu (Luandi) clan of Chuge-Xiongnu ethnicity. The state was initially proclaimed as Northern Han in 304 by Liu Yuan, and later renamed Former Zhao in 319 by Liu Yao, who considered it a continuous entity. Its capital was frequently moved, eventually settling in Pingyang. The Han-Zhao played a significant role in the upheaval of the Five Barbarians, contributing to the demise of the Western Jin dynasty by 317. At its peak, it controlled vast territories across northern China.