Overview
The Rouran Khaganate (Chinese: 柔然; Róurán), also known as Ruanruan or Juan-juan (蠕蠕; Ruǎnruǎn) (or variously Jou-jan, Ruruan, Ju-juan, Ruru, Ruirui, Rouru, Rouruan or Tantan), was a tribal confederation and later state. The Rouran state was undoubtedly multi-ethnic, as the ancient sources regard the Rouran as a separate branch of the Xiongnu. The Book of Song and Book of Liang connected Rourans to the earlier Xiongnu while the Book of Wei connected them to Proto-Mongolic Donghu. The Rouran supreme rulers used the title of khagan, a popular title borrowed from the Xianbei. The Rouran Khaganate lasted from the late 4th century until the middle 6th century with territory that covered all of modern-day Mongolia and Inner Mongolia, as well as.
Historical Periods
Rouran Khaganate (402–406)
402 CE – 406 CE
Area: 3,871,442 km²
Rouran Khaganate (407–409)
407 CE – 409 CE
Area: 3,872,480 km²
Rouran Khaganate (410–413)
410 CE – 413 CE
Area: 3,779,614 km²
Rouran Khaganate (414–416)
414 CE – 416 CE
Area: 3,778,715 km²
Rouran Khaganate (417–425)
417 CE – 425 CE
Area: 3,779,339 km²
Rouran Khaganate (426–438)
426 CE – 438 CE
Area: 3,870,457 km²
Rouran Khaganate (439–440)
439 CE – 440 CE
Area: 3,871,334 km²
Rouran Khaganate (441–475)
441 CE – 475 CE
Area: 3,871,043 km²
Rouran Khaganate (476–479)
476 CE – 479 CE
Area: 3,871,149 km²
Rouran Khaganate (480–533)
480 CE – 533 CE
Area: 3,852,786 km²
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