Brazilian Republic

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America and the world's fifth-largest by area. Founded on September 7, 1822, it is a federation of 26 states and a Federal District, with Brasília as its capital since 1960. Prior to 1960, the capital was Rio de Janeiro. Brazil is home to over 213 million people, making it the seventh-largest by population, and has the most Portuguese speakers globally, being the only country in the Americas where Portuguese is an official language. It borders nearly all other countries in South America and encompasses diverse landscapes, including much of the Amazon basin.