Crimean Khanate

The Crimean Khanate was a Crimean Tatar state that existed from 1441 to 1783, also known as Little Tartary in old European historiography. Established by Hacı I Giray, it was self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak. The khanate was dissolved on April 19, 1783, when the Russian Empire annexed it, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca. Its capital was initially Solkhat, and from 1490 to 1783, it was Bakhchysarai. France was the only European power to openly protest the annexation due to its alliance with the Ottoman Empire.