Emirate of Jabal Shammar

The Emirate of Jabal Shammar, also known as the Emirate of Haʾil or the Rashidi Emirate, was a state in the northern Arabian Peninsula that existed from the mid-nineteenth century until 1921. Founded in 1836, its capital was Ha'il. The emirate was led by the monarchy of the Rashidi dynasty and included parts of modern-day Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Jordan. Jabal Shammar translates to "Mountain of Shammar" in English, referring to the Shammar confederation in the Arabian Peninsula. The state was dissolved on November 2, 1921.