Overview
The Kingdom of Sophene (Armenian: Ծոփք, romanized: Tsop’k’, Ancient Greek: Σωφηνή, romanized: Sōphēnḗ), was a Hellenistic-era political entity situated between ancient Armenia and Syria. Ruled by the Orontid dynasty, the kingdom was culturally mixed with Greek, Armenian, Iranian, Syrian, Anatolian and Roman influences. Founded around the 3rd century BCE, the kingdom maintained independence until c. 95 BCE when the Artaxiad king Tigranes the Great conquered the territories as part of his empire. Sophene laid near medieval Kharput, which is present day Elazığ.
Historical Periods
Kingdom of Sophene (-256–-240)
256 BCE – 240 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 17,122 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-239–-226)
239 BCE – 226 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 16,971 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-225–-224)
225 BCE – 224 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 17,020 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-223–-213)
223 BCE – 213 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 16,971 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-212–-189)
212 BCE – 189 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 17,020 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-188–-111)
188 BCE – 111 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 16,900 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-110–-88)
110 BCE – 88 BCE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 16,750 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (-63–22)
63 BCE – 22 CE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 23,761 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (23–42)
23 CE – 42 CE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 23,785 km²
Kingdom of Sophene (43–105)
43 CE – 105 CE
Capital: ArsamosataArea: 23,761 km²
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